关键词: 工程师, 产业结构升级, 工程师未来供需, 人才政策

Abstract: Human capital matched with industrial demand is the driving force of economic growth，and analyzing the supply and demand of engineers helps talent policies serve economic development needs more precisely Based on the definition of engineers，this paper measures and analyzes the total scale and current characteristics of engineers in China using data from the China Household Finance Survey，and estimates the future supply gap of engineers based on economic and industrial development goals This paper finds that the scale of engineers in China is large and growing fast，exceeding other major economies，but its proportion in labor force is low Although the overall scale of graduates with higher education in science and technology has increased，there are problems such as low proportion in labor force and declining proportion in graduates，as well as low proportion of engineering and technical jobs after graduation Chinas manufacturing value added ratio in GDP is steadily the highest in the world，but the ratio of manufacturing engineer is much lower than that of traditional engineer powerhouses At present，there is an insufficient supply of junior，middle and senior engineers in the labor market，and the demand for engineers will still greatly exceed the supply in the future，and the supply gap of engineers will exist for a long time The increase in the proportion of science and engineering graduates and the conversion rate of engineers helps to expand the supply scale of engineers and narrow the gap between supply and demand This paper provides empirical evidence for the adjustment of talent policies such as the training program for scientific and technical talents and the professional title system for engineers

Key words: engineers, engineering and technical staff, industrial structure upgrading, future supply and demand for engineers, talent policies