关键词: 新结构经济学, 新能源汽车, 产业政策, 有为政府, “换道超车型”产业

Abstract: China's new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly in the past two decades，and its core technology and market scale are close to the international leading level This paper applies the New Structural Economics （NSE） theoretical framework to analyze the case of China’s new energy vehicle industry This paper analyzes the potential comparative advantages and the main bottleneck constraints at different stages of its development of this industry Meanwhile，this paper summarizes the dynamic changes and corresponding benefits and costs of relevant industrial policies in the development process with a focus on the decisive factors behind the significant development of the new energy vehicle industry This paper argues that the great progress of China‘s new energy vehicle industry is not only due to the domestic “effective market”，which facilitates the realization of the potential comparative advantage determined by the endowment structure through optimal resource allocation and market competition，but also due to the “facilitating state”，which helps formulate，adjust and implement industrial policies with different priorities at different stages of industrial development Finally，this paper summarizes common principles of this type of leapfrogging industries and further elaborates on the connotation of the “facilitating state” in the New Structural Economics

Key words: New Structural Economics, new energy vehicle, industrial policy, facilitating state, leapfrogging industry