农户农地规模与结构状况分析*——基于第三次全国农业普查两县市普通农户的全样本数据

经济理论与经济管理 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 81-98.

农户农地规模与结构状况分析*——基于第三次全国农业普查两县市普通农户的全样本数据

1 河南财经政法大学中国特色经济发展研究中心，武汉大学经济发展研究中心； 2 武汉大学中国中部发展研究院。

出版日期:2021-06-16 发布日期:2021-07-01
基金资助:
本文得到了教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“农业现代化进程中新型农业经营体系与家庭农场研究”（18JJD790012）的资助。

AN ANALYSIS ON THE FARMLAND SCALE AND STRUCTURE IN PEASANT HOUSEHOLDS——Based on the Full Sample Data of Two Counties' Ordinary Peasant Households in the Third National Agricultural Census

1. Center for Economic Development Research with Chinese Characteristics, Henan University of Economics and Law; Center for Economic Development Research, Wuhan University;
2. Institute of Central China Development, Wuhan University

Online:2021-06-16 Published:2021-07-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文利用第三次全国农业普查中部地区两个县市的全样本数据分析了普通农户的农地确权、流转和经营规模的总体和分布状况。统计分析结果表明，农户确权地户均373亩，基尼系数为0341，呈现微型化和均等化格局；非确权地面积占总农地面积的2%，虽规模不大，却是一个需要关注的问题。确权地80%由农户自己耕种，土地流转不活跃，且有限的农地流转中60%以上是在普通农户之间进行，流转质量较低；流入规模经营户的租金高于流入普通农户的租金，意味着规模经营效率更高。农户经营地户均39亩，基尼系数为0421，表明农地经营具有一定的集中化趋势，但集中度不高。两县市的农户确权地、流转地和经营地规模与结构呈现明显的差异，这主要是由其资源禀赋和发展水平不同所致。比较农业“一普”“二普”“三普”数据发现，农户经营规模仍显示微型化格局，并且长期呈现下降趋势。针对以上研究结论，本文提出了深化农地制度改革、加快农地流转和集中的相关政策建议。

关键词: 普通农户, 农地确权, 农地流转, 农地经营规模, 第三次全国农业普查

Abstract: Based on the fullsampled data of the Third National Agricultural Census on two counties respectively located in Hubei Province and Hunan Province, this paper analyzes the scale and distribution of confirmation of contracted right, circulation and operation scale of farmland in peasant households. The results show that the average area of rightconfirmed land per household is 373 mu, with Gini coefficient 0341, showing the pattern of miniaturization and equalization. The proportion of nonconfirmed farmland is 2%, which is not high but still a problem that cannot be ignored. 80% of the confirmed contracted land is cultivated by the peasant households themselves and the land circulation is not active. Moreover, more than 60% of the limited circulations are carried out among ordinary peasant households, indicating the quality of the circulation is poor. Land rent flowing into scale operation households is higher than that flowing into ordinary households, which indicates higher efficiency of scale operation. The average farmland operation scale per household is 39 mu, with Gini coefficient 0421, showing a certain trend of centralization and a low level of concentration. The scale and structure of confirmation of contracted right, circulation and operation scale of farmland in peasant households in the two counties are obviously different, which is mainly caused by their different resource endowments and development levels. By comparing the data of “The First Census”, “The Second Census” and “The Third Census” in National Agricultural Census, it is found that the operation scale still presents a pattern of miniaturization and there is a longterm downward trend. In response to these characteristics, this paper puts forward the relevant policy suggestions of deepening the reform of farmland system, accelerating the process of farmland circulation and concentration.

Key words: ordinary peasant households, confirmation of farmland rights, farmland circulation, farmland operation scale, the Third National Agricultural Census

郭熙保, 高思涵. 农户农地规模与结构状况分析*——基于第三次全国农业普查两县市普通农户的全样本数据[J]. 经济理论与经济管理, 2021, 41(6): 81-98.

GUO Xibao, GAO Sihan. AN ANALYSIS ON THE FARMLAND SCALE AND STRUCTURE IN PEASANT HOUSEHOLDS——Based on the Full Sample Data of Two Counties' Ordinary Peasant Households in the Third National Agricultural Census[J]. Economic Theory and Business Management, 2021, 41(6): 81-98.

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