关键词: 公共品实验 , 搭便车 , 社会偏好 , 实验经济学

Abstract: Basing on the traditional economics, the tragedy of commons was the inescapable result in the rational choices of public goods. The incentive mechanism
for public goods provision should be compatible with the individuals true preference for public goods, and the government should play as a protagonist
in the provision of public goods However, experimental economics provided huge of evidences for the heterogeneity of individuals'social preferences, and also found that voluntary contribution for public goods could be achieved in a high level under suitable mechanism such as punishment, communication and reputation, which indicated that group members or voluntary organization could play important role in the provision of public goods. These studiesestablished a more scientific basis for the reconstruction and innovation of public governance.

Key words:  public goods experiments , free-rider , social preference , experimental economics