地区创业氛围及其作用机理——一个族群水平的创业分析架构

经济理论与经济管理 ›› 2011, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 98-105.

地区创业氛围及其作用机理——一个族群水平的创业分析架构

吴义刚¹, 荣兆梓²

1. 安徽农业大学经济管理学院, 合肥 230036;
2. 安徽大学经济学院, 合肥 230039

收稿日期:2011-02-12 出版日期:2011-05-16 发布日期:2011-06-29
作者简介:吴义刚(1968- ),男,安徽肥东人,安徽农业大学经济管理学院副教授,经济学博士;荣兆梓(1949- ),男,江苏无锡人,安徽大学经济学院教授,博士生导师.
基金资助:
安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目(AHSK07_08D64);国家哲学社会科学规划项目(07AJL011)

REGIONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL CLIMATE AND ITS WORKING MECHANISM——An Analysis Framework of Entrepreneurship at a Population Level

WU Yi-gang¹, RONG Zhao-zi²

1. School of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
2. School of Economics, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China

Received:2011-02-12 Online:2011-05-16 Published:2011-06-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 创业氛围是一个地区所有族群成员关于创业的心智能力、价值观念和习俗惯例的集体和外在的表现。创业氛围是内生的,它是由创业活动衍生的创业学习、心理体验和社会互动的结果。创业氛围通过提升创业平均收益率和改变族群成员创业风险偏好,来提高创业惯例复制频率,进而提高地区创业活动水平。创业氛围与创业活动之间存在一个以知识累积和报酬激励为动力的正反馈演化路径。中西部地区促进创业活动的关键是,着力培育创业氛围并实现其临界突破。

关键词: 创业氛围, 族群, 惯例复制频率

Abstract: Entrepreneurial climate is the collective and external display of mental ability,values and social conventions of all the members within a region.Entrepreneurial climate is an endogenous consequence of entrepreneurship study,psychological experience and social interaction evolving from the entrepreneurial activities.Entrepreneurial climate improves the copy frequency of entrepreneurial practices and the level of regional entrepreneurial activities by enhancing the average entrepreneur income and changing the entrepreneur venture preference.There is a positive relationship between entrepreneurial climate and entrepreneurial activities with the knowledge accumulation and reward incentive.The key to raise the entrepreneurship level of the central and western regions is to foster entrepreneurial climate and achieve the threshold of a breakthrough.

Key words: entrepreneurial climate, population level, copy frequency of practice

中图分类号:

F127

吴义刚, 荣兆梓. 地区创业氛围及其作用机理——一个族群水平的创业分析架构[J]. 经济理论与经济管理, 2011, 31(5): 98-105.

WU Yi-gang, RONG Zhao-zi. REGIONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL CLIMATE AND ITS WORKING MECHANISM——An Analysis Framework of Entrepreneurship at a Population Level[J]. Economic Theory and Business Management, 2011, 31(5): 98-105.

参考文献

[1] B.Cornelius,H.Landstrom,O.Persson.Entrepreneurial Studies:The Dynamic Research Front of a Developing Social Science[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2006,30 (3).
[2] S.Venkataraman.The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research:An Editor's Perspective[A].J.Katz,R.Brockhaus.Advances in Entrepreneurship,Firm Emergence,and Growth,Elsevier[C].New York,NY,1997,119-38.
[3] T.R.Holcomb,R.D.Ireland,R.M.Holmes,M.A.Hitt.Architecture of Entrepreneurial Learning:Exploring the Link among Heuristics,Knowledge,and Action[J].Entrepreneurship:Theory and Practice,2009,33 (1).
[4] G.George,S.A.Zahra.Culture and Its Consequences for Entrepreneurship[J].Entrepreneurship:Theory and Practice,2002,(26).
[5] R.A.Baron.Cognitive Mechanisms in Entrepreneurship:Why and When Entrepreneurs Think Differently than Other People[J].Journal of Business Venturing,1998,Vol.13 (4).
[6] E.B.Romanelli.Enviroments and Strategies of Organization Start-up:Effects on Early Survival[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1989,34 (3).
[7] M.T Hannah,G.R.Carroll.Dynamics of Organizational Populations:Density,Legitimation and Competition[M].Oxford University Press,1992.
[8] S.Goetz,D.Freshwater.State-level Determinants of Entrepreneurship and a Prelimininary Measure of Entrepreneurial Climate[J].Economic Development Quarterly,2001,15 (1).
[9] D.Chatman,I.Altman,T.Johnson.Community Entrepreneurial Climate:An Analysis of Small Business Owners'Perspectives In 12 Small Towns in Missouri,USA[J].Journal of Rural and Community Development,2008,(3).
[10] J.E.Russo,P.J.H.Schoemaker.Managing Overconfidence[J].Sloan Management Review,1992,33 (2).
[11] R.Trevelyan.Optimism,Overconfidence and Entrepreneurial Activity[J].Management Decision,2008,46 (7).
[12] H.Roxas,V.Lindsay,N.Ashill,A.Victorio.An Institutional View of Local Entrepreneurial Climate[J].Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability,2007,7 (1).
[13] B.Johannisson,H.Landstrom,J.Rosenberg.University training for Entrepreneurship:An Action Frame of Reference[J].European Journal of Engineering Education,1998,23 (4).
[14] R.T.Harrison,C.M.Leitch.Entrepreneurial Learning..Researching the Interface between Learning and the Entrepreneurial Context[J].Entrepreneurship Theory:Practice,2005,29 (4).
[15] M.Minniti,W.Bgyrave.A Dynamic Model of Entrepreneurial Learning[J].Entrepreneurship:Theory and pacrtiee,2001,25 (3).
[16] R.Wood,A.Bandura.Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management.Academy of Management Review[J].1989,14 (3).
[17] D.R.Gnyawali,D.S.Fogel.Environments for Entrepreneurship Development:Key Dimensions and Research Implications[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1994,(18).
[18] 纳尔逊,温特.经济变迁的演化理论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.
[19] S.A.Zahra,A.P.Nielsen,W.C.Bogner.Corporate Entrepreneurship,Knowledge,and Competence Development[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,1999,23 (3).
[20] D.J.Koehler,C.M.White,R.Grondin.An Evidential Support Accumulation Model of Subjective Probability[J].Cognitive Psychology,2003,46 (2).
[21] P.D.Windschitl,M.E.Young,M.E.Jenson.Likelihood Judgment Based on Previously Observed Outcomes:The Alternative-outcomes Effect in a Learning Paradigm[J].Memory and Cognition,2002,30 (3).
[22] H.Hoang,B.Antoncic.Network-based Research in Entrepreneurship:A Critical Review[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2003,18 (2).
[23] M.Minniti.Entreprereurship and Network Externalities[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,2005,(57).
[24] J.Jackson,G.Rodkey.The Attitudinal Climate for Entrepreneurial Activity[J].Public Opinion Quarterly,1994,58 (3).
[25] 鲍尔斯.微观经济学:行为、制度和演化[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2006.