国家职业资格证书、工人技能水平和收入效应——来自5家制造型企业21个生产车间的经验证据

经济理论与经济管理 ›› 2011, Vol. ›› Issue (6): 94-102.

国家职业资格证书、工人技能水平和收入效应——来自5家制造型企业21个生产车间的经验证据

苏中兴, 曾湘泉

中国人民大学劳动人事学院, 北京 100872

收稿日期:2010-12-20 出版日期:2011-06-16 发布日期:2012-02-27
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“实施扩大就业的发展战略:岗位创造、能力提升、中介服务及反歧视的机理和政策”(07&ZD043)

THE IMPACT OF VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATES ON TECHNICAL WORKERS' SKILLS AND EARNINGS——Evidence from Twenty-one Workshops in Five Enterprises in the Manufacturing Industry

SU Zhong-xing, ZENG Xiang-quan

School of Labor and Human Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China

Received:2010-12-20 Online:2011-06-16 Published:2012-02-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 推行国家职业资格证书是我国劳动就业政策的重要内容,也是广大劳动者非学历职业教育的主要方式,对加强技能人才培养、促进劳动力市场建设等方面具有重要意义。本文利用5家制造型企业21个生产车间的调查数据,对国家职业资格证书与工人的技能水平和年收入之间的关系进行了研究。研究发现,获得国家职业资格证书的工人在技能水平上显著高于无证工人,证书等级越高,技能水平越高。与无证工人相比,初级工和中级工证书的收入效应约为9.5%,高级工证书的收入效应为11.0%,技师及以上等级证书的收入效应显著上升至24.0%。进一步的分析揭示,初级工、中级工和高级工证书的收入效应主要是因为工人技能水平提高带来的;技师以上等级证书的收入效应一方面来源于工人技能水平的提高,另一方面则是由一些非技能因素造成的。

关键词: 非学历职业教育, 国家职业资格证书, 技能水平, 收入效应

Abstract: The promotion of vocational qualification certificates is one of important labor and employment policies in China,which is the primary mean of non-degree vocational education for employees,and is also significant for training human capital and activating labor market.Using micro data from twenty-one workshops in five manufacturing enterprises,we tested the impact of different levels of national vocational qualification certificates on technical workers' skills and earnings.Results showed that national vocational qualification certificates were positively correlated with skill levels of technical workers.We also found significantly positive relations between vocational qualification certificates and the earnings of technical workers.Compared with workers who had not any certificates,the primary worker(Level 5) and intermediate worker(Level 4) certificates could bring about 9.5% wage premium,and the advanced worker certificates(Level 3) could bring about 11% wage premium,while the wage premium of technician or higher level certificates(Level 2 and Level 1) was increased significantly to 24%.The further analysis revealed that workers' skills fully mediated the relations between the earnings and the certificates of Level 5,Level 4 and Level 3,partially mediated the relations between the earnings and the certificates of Level 2 and Level 1.

Key words: non-degree vocational education, national vocational qualification certificates, skill level, earnings

中图分类号:

F240

苏中兴, 曾湘泉. 国家职业资格证书、工人技能水平和收入效应——来自5家制造型企业21个生产车间的经验证据[J]. 经济理论与经济管理, 2011, (6): 94-102.

SU Zhong-xing, ZENG Xiang-quan. THE IMPACT OF VOCATIONAL QUALIFICATION CERTIFICATES ON TECHNICAL WORKERS' SKILLS AND EARNINGS——Evidence from Twenty-one Workshops in Five Enterprises in the Manufacturing Industry[J]. Economic Theory and Business Management, 2011, (6): 94-102.

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