Abstract: The difficulties of "pay off" in Japan and its delay express that, only the finance system of a country as a whole is good, deposit insurance system give full scope to sift out the bad bank. Only financial supervision is effective, the deposit insurance system perform an important function. Otherwise, the transparent market information and high level citizen ethics is necessary for it. According to the fact of finance field in China, it is not the time to establish deposit insurance system.

Key words: "pay off" in Japan, deposit insurance system, time