关键词: 机会不平等, 城市规模, 家庭背景, 城乡差异, Shapley分解

Abstract: While China's economy is growing rapidly, the income gap is also widening. This paper relies on Roemers “environmentefforts” binary analysis theory, adopts exante parameter method, uses China Laborforce Dynamics Survey Data (CLDS) to measure the changing trend of China's inequality of opportunity in recent years, decomposes the inequality of opportunity, analyzes the impact of household registration, family, gender and other factors on inequality of opportunity, and discusses the effect of city size, city location difference and administrative level difference. The results show that the inequality of opportunity in China is on the rise, and there are obvious regional differences from the eastern coastal areas to the western inland areas. There are different characteristics in urban and rural areas, in different genders and ages, and there is an inverted Ushaped relationship between inequality of opportunity and urban size. High level cities such as municipalities and provincial capitals tend to have a lower level of opportunity inequality.

Key words:  , inequality of opportunity, city size, family background, urbanrural differences, shapley decomposition