经济理论与经济管理 ›› 2015, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 5-33.

• 经济热点 •    下一篇

2014—2015年中国宏观经济分析与预测*
——步入“新常态”攻坚期的中国宏观经济

中国人民大学宏观经济分析与预测课题组   

  1. 中国人民大学宏观经济分析与预测课题组
  • 出版日期:2015-03-16 发布日期:2015-03-27

CHINAS MACRO ECONOMY IN 2014—2015 ——Stepping into the Critical Stage of the New Normal
RUC Research Group of Macroeconomic Analysis and Forecast

School of Economics, Renmin University of China   

  1. School of Economics, Renmin University of China
  • Online:2015-03-16 Published:2015-03-27

摘要: 2014年是中国大改革与大调整拉开序幕的一年,也是中国宏观经济沿着“新常态”轨迹持续发展的一年。一方面,GDP增速等宏观参数在外需疲软、内需持续回落、房地产周期性调整以及深层次扭曲等力量的作用下持续回落,另一方面,经济结构在消费升级、不平衡逆转以及政策调整的作用下出现较大幅度的调整,结构参数的良性调整、总体价格水平的小幅回落以及就业状况的持续稳定给2014年相对低迷的宏观经济增加了一些亮色。
2015年将是中国大改革与大调整全面展开的一年。它将延续2014年中国宏观经济运行的逻辑,使“新常态”的4典型特征进一步持续。但在改革力度的全面提升、房地产周期调整的进一步加大、经济低迷的进一步持续以及财务困境的进一步发展等因素的作用下,2015年中国宏观经济将面临6大挑战和变异点。这决定了2015年中国宏观经济必须在全面推进改革与调整的同时,加大底线管理的力度。
报告对常态情形下的参数进行假设,利用中国人民大学中国宏观经济分析与预测模型—CMAFM模型对2015年宏观经济指标进行了预测。预计2015年在常态情形下GDP增速将达到72%,CPI为27%,投资增速为123%,消费增速为118%,出口增速为56%。

关键词: 新常态 , 宏观经济 , 大改革

Abstract: The year 2014 is the year of “great reform” and “great adjustment” for China, and the year of continuing development along the trajectory of the new normal as well On the one hand, due to the interplay of soft foreign demand, shrinking domestic demand, cyclical adjustment of real estate, and deep economywide distortions, the growth rate of GDP is continually slowing down On the other hand, economic structure has incurred significant changes in the mix of consumption upgrading, reversed imbalanceand policy adjustment The benevolent adjustment of structural parameters, gradually falling price index, and stable employment conditions are shedding light on the sluggish economy
The year of 2015 is a year of Chinas fullfledged development of “great reform” and “great adjustment” Following the same logic of Chinas economic development in 2014, the year of 2015 will continue to witness the four classical characteristics of the new normal However, with comprehensive improvement in reform indepth, enlarging cyclical adjustment of real estate, sustainable downturn of economic growth, and further deterioration of fiscal dilemma, Chinas macro economy in 2015 will face six major challenges and changing points, which implies that the bottomline management must be strengthened along with the wideranging implementation of Chinas macroeconomic reform and adjustment
Through model parameterization under the circumstance of the new normal, this report used the CMAFM model developed by Renmin University of China to predict several main macroeconomic indicators in 2015 The predicted growth rate of GDP is72%, CPI 27%, investment 123%, consumption 118%, and exports 56%.

Key words: new normal , macro economy , great reform