Abstract: China's export trade is faced with dual pressure: the soaring of energy prices and the stagnation of the prices of industrial products in the global market.In this paper,the authors calculate the implicit energy cost in China's export products during 2002—2007,and find that the cost increased by 7.53 times with constant price of 2002.Consequently,the ratio of implicit energy cost in total export rises from 8.4% in 2002,to 21.2% in 2007.Through calculating the price elasticity,the authors find that the fluctuation of relative energy price in the global market is the key factor that drives up China's energy cost ratio,which greatly cuts the profit margin of China's export products,and deteriorates China's export quality.This result is mainly attributed to the current global pricing system,as well as the improper export structure in China.

Key words: international prices, export trade, energy cost

摘要： 中国的出口贸易面临着国际市场能源价格快速上涨与工业品价格滞涨的双重压力。本文对2002—2007年中国出口商品所包含的能源成本进行的估算发现,以2002年不变价计算的能源成本在5年间增长了7.53倍。与此对应,能源成本在中国出口总额中所占的比例从2002年的8.4%上升到了2007年的21.2%。通过计算价格弹性发现,国际市场上能源相对价格的波动是引起我国能源成本率上升的主要因素。能源成本快速上升大大降低了我国出口商品的利润空间,表明我国的外贸质量在下降,这主要是由国际市场进出口价格体系以及我国出口商品结构不合理所造成的。

关键词: 国际价格, 出口贸易, 能源成本