Abstract: Optimizing the pattern of income distribution is the key to achieving common prosperity，and the transmission of resources between generations is a major obstacle to the fairness of income distributionTherefore，this paper uses the twostage Stackelberg game theory and introduces the intergenerational transmission of productive and nonproductive resources to construct a game behavior selection model for the offsprings to optimally allocate their own resourcesBased on the logic that resources form power and power determines the distribution of interests，it explains that family intergenerational power plays a decisive role in the process of resource intergenerational transmission，that is，offsprings rely on family advantages to form control or influence over others in resource competition and benefit distributionThrough simulation，it is found that the distribution system has a greater impact on intergenerational power，social output and income gapThe government should focus on predistribution to alleviate redistribution pressure，and rationally allocate economic and noneconomic resources before the offsprings enter the market to narrow the intergenerational differencesThe government should make use of its resource allocation power to balance the intergenerational power of families，smooth upward mobility channels，and form a development environment that balances fairness and efficiency

Key words: intergenerational transmission of resources, Stackelberg game, income distribution, intergenerational power

摘要： 优化收入分配格局是实现共同富裕的关键，资源代际传递又是收入分配公平的一大阻碍。本文借助二阶段Stackelberg博弈思想，引入生产性和非生产性资源代际传递构建子代对自身资源进行最优分配的博弈行为选择模型。基于资源形成权力、权力决定利益分配的逻辑，阐释资源代际传递过程中起决定性作用的家庭代际权力，即子代凭借家庭优势在资源竞争和利益分配时形成对他人的控制力或影响力。数值模拟发现制度选择对代际权力、社会产出和收入差距有较大影响，政府应着眼于预分配来缓解再分配压力，在子代进入市场前合理配置经济和非经济资源以缩小代际差异。利用资源调配权力制衡家庭代际权力，畅通向上流动通道，形成兼顾公平与效率的发展环境。

关键词: 资源代际传递, Stackelberg博弈, 收入分配, 代际权力