Abstract: This paper first compiles the data of accounting standards adopted in the countries and regions along the Belt and Road. Next, this paper investigates the impact of the similarities in accounting languages on Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) for countries and regions along the Belt and Road. This paper uses the convergence of international financial reporting standards to measure the similarity of accounting languages and finds that similar accounting languages promote China's OFDI to the countries and regions along the Belt and Road. Besides, this paper documents that the impact of the accounting similarity is more pronounced after the Belt and Road Initiative. Furthermore, the results suggest that reduced information asymmetry is the potential mechanism through which converging accounting standards affect OFDI. This study provides direct evidence on the impact of accounting on advancing the development of the Belt and Road Initiative. The results show that accounting language plays an important role in advancing national and global economic development. The findings of this paper provide new evidence for the research of the convergence of international financial reporting standards and the Belt and Road Initiative.

Key words: accounting standards, Outward Foreign Direct Investment, the Belt and Road Initiative

摘要： 本文首先详细梳理了“一带一路”沿线国家会计准则的适用情况，在此基础上，本文采用我国对“一带一路”沿线各国的对外直接投资数据，实证检验了中国和“一带一路”沿线各国会计语言的相似性与中国对其对外直接投资之间的关系。本文用会计准则国际趋同作为会计语言相似性的衡量方法，研究发现，相似的会计语言能够促进我国对“一带一路”沿线各国的对外直接投资，并且这种促进作用在“一带一路”合作倡议提出之后更加明显。本文进一步研究发现会计语言影响中国对“一带一路”沿线国家与地区直接投资的机制主要是缓解了东道国企业与我国投资者之间的信息不对称。上述结果表明,“一带一路”沿线国家会计准则的国际趋同对“一带一路”建设有重要促进作用；会计作为国际通用的商业语言，对国家、地区乃至全球社会经济发展具有重要推动意义。本文结论为会计准则国际趋同与“一带一路”建设的研究提供了新的经验与证据。

关键词: 会计准则, 对外直接投资, “一带一路”