Abstract: This paper reveals the influence mechanism of firm heterogeneity and export on wage premium, which is based on the theory of firm heterogeneityThis paper empirically tests the impact of firm heterogeneity and export on wage premium, which is based on the microdata of Chinas industrial enterprisesThe results of research are as followsFirst of all, firm heterogeneity has a significant impact on wage premiumThe enterprise innovation ability, the enterprise productivity, the capital intensity and the technology intensity, the enterprise performance all have a significant positive impact on the wage premiumThe higher of innovation capacity, the higher of the productivity level and the better performance generate the more obvious of wage premiumSecond, export and export subsidies can bring a significant wage premiumThe wage premium has an inverted Ushaped relationship with export intensity and export subsidy intensityThird, human capital (education level, job title, skill) also has a significant positive effect on wage premiumThe higher the level of human capital is, the more obvious the wage premium isIn addition, large enterprises, central enterprises, foreign enterprises and coastal enterprises all have obvious wage premiumThe conclusions above provide important policy implications

Key words: firm heterogeneity , export , wage premium , innovation capability , Melitz model

摘要： 本文以企业异质性理论为基础，揭示了企业异质性、出口对工资溢价的影响机理。基于中国工业企业微观数据，对企业异质性、出口对工资溢价的影响进行了实证检验。研究结果表明：(1)企业异质性对工资溢价有显著的影响。其中企业创新能力、企业生产率、资本密集度与技术密集度、企业绩效对工资溢价有显著的正向影响，企业创新能力越强、生产率水平越高、绩效越好，其工资溢价越明显。(2)出口、出口补贴能够带来显著的工资溢价，工资溢价与出口密集度、出口补贴强度呈倒U型关系。(3)人力资本(员工受教育水平、职称、技能)对工资溢价有显著的正向影响。人力资本水平越高，其工资溢价越明显。此外，大型企业、中央直属企业、外资企业、沿海企业均存在明显的工资溢价。这一研究结果有着重要的政策启示。

关键词: 企业异质性 , 出口 , 工资溢价 , 创新能力 , 梅里兹模型