As Chinas economy gradually goes into new normal，innovation will have a significant impact on economic growthBased on the review of
Schumpeterian competition and Aghions analytical method about innovation，this paper builds a theoretical model of China to explain the interacted relationship of innovation，adjustment of industrial structure and economic growthTheoretical model finds the mechanism about the influence of innovation on economic growthThe mediation mechanism is the adjustment of industrial structureBy empirically analyzing Chinese provincial panel data from 1998 to 2015，we find the estimation result of our model is well consistent with the conclusions from theoretical studyInnovation has a significant impact on economic growth by mediation of industrial structure adjustmentThis conclusion is robustCompared with the eastern region，the influence of economic growth on innovation is bigger in central and western regionsEastern region has an advanced stage of innovation and it is easy to encounter bottlenecksIn order to realize Chinas long economic growth，we need highlight the role of innovation in economic growthThe process that innovation drives industrial upgrading and transformation must contain appropriate institutional environment

本文基于熊彼特创新思想，借鉴Aghion创新模型分析方法，揭示创新通过产业结构调整影响经济增长的内在机理，并运用中国1998—2015年间的省际面板数据，采用3SLS法和联立方程模型对创新、产业结构调整与中国经济增长的关系进行经验检验。研究结果表明：（1）创新通过产业结构调整“中介作用”影响经济增长的机制是存在的；（2）中部、西部地区经济增长对创新的影响强度较大，东部地区所处的创新阶段更加领先，进一步突破前沿技术，容易遭遇瓶颈；（3）理论和实证的政策性意义在于中国长期经济增长需要进一步突出创新的主体地位，加大对产业内部技术创新的投入，促进技术创新对产业结构高级化作用的有效发挥。