Abstract: To straighten out the relationship between government and the market, allowing the market to play a decisive role in allocating resources and improving the governments role, it follows the definition of market economyThe role of market in resources allocation is not only the choice mechanism, but also the motivate mechanismThe fundamental meaning of the market transfers from a basic role to a decisive role in allocating resources is to allow the markets to take the lead and break away from government controlTo confirm the decisive role of the market is to clarify the new orientation of Chinas reformThe high efficiency of resources allocation cannot be achieved as soon as the market opensDisorderly market allocation of resources cannot reach the Pareto optimalIn order to improve the market mechanism, the government should rule the order of market and foster the market playersThe governments role is still determined in the allocation of public resourcesImproving the governments role is not only out of the market role, but also to improve the market mechanismThe behavior of government should follow the market order

Key words: market , allocating resources  , governments role

摘要： 明确市场对资源配置的决定性作用，实际上是回归到了市场经济的本义。市场配置资源的功能不只是选择机制，还有激励机制。市场由基础性作用改为决定性作用基本含义是，市场不再是在政府调节下发挥调节作用，而是自主地对资源配置起决定性作用。确认市场对资源配置起决定性作用只是明确改革的新方向，绝不意味着一放开市场作用就能实现资源配置的高效率。秩序混乱的市场配置资源达不到帕累托最优。完善市场机制主要涉及两个方面：一是规范市场秩序，二是培育市场主体。明确市场对资源配置的决定性作用不能放大到不要政府作用，也不能放大到市场决定公共资源的配置。更好地发挥政府作用除了通过自身的改革退出市场作用的领域外，还要承担起完善市场机制建设的职能。政府行为本身也要遵守市场秩序。

关键词: 市场 , 资源配置 , 政府作用