Abstract: Water resource is scarce and has many characteristics such as having external effects,being common resource,and its users involving in long-term corporate gaming.Arranging the propety rights to water should consider these characteristics,and then establish the basic system of managing the resource-the property rights system of water,so that the allocation of the resource could be Pareto optimal.

Key words: characteristics of water resource, property rights to water, property rights system of water

摘要： 水资源是一种具有多重特性的稀缺资源。水资源的外部效应特性、共有资源属性以及水资源使用者的长期合作博弈性质,要求对水资源的产权安排应充分反映这些特性,并在此基础上建立水资源管理的基本制度-水权制度,以便使水资源配置真正达到帕累托最优。

关键词: 水资源特性, 水权, 水权制度