Abstract: Understanding the formation mechanism of wage inequality is the key to solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development in the new era and achieving the shared development. This paper analyzes the skilledunskilled wage inequality in Chinese enterprises from the perspective of joint market imperfections, also discusses the efficiency gains from eliminating imperfect competition. Based on enterprise data and constructing measurement index of imperfect competition under a unified framework, this paper finds that China's marketization reform do not necessarily lead to wage inequality, while joint market imperfections is an important reason for wage inequality. When imperfect competition exists, enterprises will also extend the product market power to the labor market, forming a greater impact on the wage inequality. It means that a single marketoriented reform cannot effectively alleviate the wage inequality. Only the simultaneous reform of products and labor markets can achieve the optimal policy effect. China's marketization reform can achieve efficiency and fairness by implementing market mechanism in the primary distribution.

Key words:  product market imperfection , labor market imperfection , wage inequality within firms , efficiency and fairness

摘要：

理解工资差距的形成机制是在新时期破解发展不平衡不充分问题，进而实现共享发展的关键。本文从产品与劳动力市场竞争不完全相融合的视角，扩展了中国企业内部技能员工与非技能员工工资差距形成机制的研究，兼论消除竞争不完全的效率提高。基于中国企业数据并在统一的框架下构建市场竞争不完全的测算指标，本文发现：中国的市场化改革并不必然带来收入差距的扩大，不完全的市场化改革形成的产品与劳动力市场竞争不完全才是引发企业内部收入差距的重要原因。当存在市场竞争不完全时，企业会将产品市场势力扩展到劳动力市场，形成劳动力市场竞争不完全对工资差距的更大影响。这意味着单一的市场化改革不能有效缓解收入差距，只有产品与劳动力市场的同步改革才能达到最优的政策效果。中国的市场化改革可以在初次分配中通过发挥市场机制兼顾效率与公平。

关键词: 产品市场竞争不完全 , 劳动力市场竞争不完全 , 企业内部工资差距 , 效率与公平